Migration in Serengeti.
The wildebeest movement, like a discernible thread, embraces and connects the ecosystem of Serengeti. Much as it has done for at least two million years.
On a yearly basis, with some seasonably dictated variations in timing and scale 1,000,000 wildebeest migrate from the southern short grass plains of Serengeti, looking for the grass and water they need to survive.
During their yearly movement, they will move some 2000 miles eating 4000 tonnes of grass a day. Two hundred fifty thousand will be produced and a big number will die.
Serengeti map of the migration.
January.
The movement is in the southeastern Serengeti on the short-grass plains after the short rains which have catered for the fresh grass. The months January and December are the highest months as far as producing of zebra is concerned.
February.
The major feeding grounds for some 2,000,000 wildebeest, zebra and gazelle are the short-grass plains. Predators hide nearby, feasting on the newborn. February is the main month for wildebeest producing.
March.
It is in this month that the long and heavy rains start. Clouds growing in extreme, become visible from the south and occasional lighting shines the night sky. The short-grass plains pasture are almost getting exhausted and the newborn can keep up with the groups.
April.
This is the heaviest rainy month. Wildebeest are nearly evenly distributed on the short grass plains.
May.
During this month, good forage is still present however, water starts to be inadequate. Now the big groups start to come together with columns consisting hundreds of thousands stretched over several kilometres as they herd across the woodland zones into the western corridor where new food and water has been produced by the rains around Grumeti.
June.
In this month, rains stop and the groups migrate from the black-cotton-soil plains, traversing the Grumeti River where several wildebeest drown annually offering food to the crocodiles who wait at traversing points. They will be in Seronera or Moru kopjes area in a normal year.
July
The movement now continues northwest shortly leaving the park as they enter the Grumeti preserved area, with a small portion of the group going towards Lobo area. Guests should take note that the temperatures in the morning have sharply fallen.
August.
The movement and the ever-attendant predators trailing now traverse the Ikorongo preserved area. The several branches of the movement start to meet up. The movement in a normal year should now be in the northern Serengeti and entering Maasai Mara. During this month, mornings are still cold.
September.
The movement has now penetrated Kenya’s Masai Mara Game Reserve just across the Northern limit from the Serengeti. Temperatures start rising and the skies are blue by the day.
October.
This is the driest month in Serengeti, with a big number of animals shortly not present in the Masai Mara game Reserve, where there is usually a lot of water together with finer grazing for the plains animals at this period of the year.
November.
Somehow sensing the oncoming short rains with clouds collecting in the sky, the movement starts its journey back home to the Serengeti. Flame trees are starting to blossom and birds on the move begin to come.
December.
The pace of the movement increases as it continues towards the southern plains of Serengeti, where the short rains are producing the grass. It follows the Loliondo limit of the park and the zebra start giving birth.
History.
The history of human inhabitation widely centres around the history of the African people, from the hunter-gathers who moved a round the plains, to the people of today, who protect it as a main destination fro travellers. The Serengeti’s history has been virtually ignored, apart from Olduvai Gorge, where the Leakey family found or excavated fossils of human and animal ancestors dating far back to about two million years, and which is part of the Ngorongoro Crater Conservation area.
Tsetse flies in the woodlands, and sleeping sickness, guaranteed that the Serengeti was spared of European settlements and with it the distinction of the wildlife that other African nations were subjected to.
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